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 Map of India |
| The Indian subcontinent is in Asia.
It is a peninsula and the three sides are surrounded by Arabian Sea in
the south west, Bay Of Bengal in the south east and Indian Ocean in the
South. It lies to the north of Equator between 68.7 to 97.25 degrees
north longitude and 8.4 to 37.6 degrees east latitude.
India measures 3214 kms from north to south and 2933 kms from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 kms and a coastline of 7516.5kms. India shares its political borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan on the west, Bangladesh and Burma in the east, Nepal, China, Tibet and Bhutan in the north. |
It covers an Area of 3,287,263 sq. km
Capital : New Delhi
| Population (1995) | 935.7m |
| Population (1991 census) | 846.3m |
| Sex Ratio | 927 females per 1000 males.
(Rural: 939. Urban: 894.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.9% (‘90-95). |
| Decennial Population Growth Rate for 1981-91 | 23.85% |
| Urban Population (1994) | 26%. |
| Population Density | 273 persons per sq km |
| Percentage of population below Poverty Line (1987-88): | 29.9%. |
| National Income (at current prices): | Rs 473,246 crores (‘91-’92) |
| GDP at factor cost (at current prices) : | Rs 707,145 crores (‘93-’94) |
| Gross Domestic Capital Formation (as % of GDP) : | 20.4 (‘93-’94) |
| Gross Domestic Savings (as % of GDP) : | 20.2 (‘93-’94) |
| Per capita NNP (at current prices): | Rs 6929 (‘93-’94) |
| External Debt (March 1995) : | US$ 95,321 m |
| Net Market Borrowing (‘95-’96 budget estimate) : | Rs 27,087 crores |
| India's Total Exports (‘94-’95) | US$ 26,223 m |
| India’s Total Imports (‘94-’95) : | US$ 28,251 m |
Weather in different cities of India.
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The flag is a tricolour.
All the three colours have a great significance. The three colours
are- at the top saffron, ("kesari"); in the middle white; and at the
bottom green; in equal proportion. The ratio of the height and width of
the flag is two to three. There is a navy blue wheel, ("chakra"),
in the white band. The wheel, ("chakra") consists of twenty four
spokes .Its design is like that of the wheel which appears on the
abacus of Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Saffron/kesaria depicts
(balidaan), our patriotism. White is for simplicity and peace.
Green is for agriculture, (kheti), farmer (kisan), and greenery
(hariyali). The blue wheel in the center is the Ashoka chakra,
the wheel of progress. At one time it was also depicted as
Bapuji's charkha. Design of the national flag was adopted by
the constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947. Its use and display
are regulated by a code.
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The National Flower
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National Language
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| The national language of the country is Hindi. The country has 25 States 6 Union territories and a national capital Delhi. Different languages are spoken in all the states. For the convenience of the people of India , the constitution had allowed English to be the National language for ten years , but the time has since then been extended.
The usage of Hindi has increased many folds in the Government Offices these days all over India .
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The National Anthem
The song Jana Gana Mana, composed by Rabindranath
Tagore, was adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of
lndia on 24 January 1950. It was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta
session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of
five stanzas. First stanza consists full version of the national anthem.
It reads:
| Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata Punjab-Sindhu-Gujarata-Maratha- Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga Tava shubha name jage
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he
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dispenser of India's destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and Maratha, Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal; It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of Yamuna and Ganga and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea. They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise. The saving of all people waits in thy hand, thou dispenser of India's destiny, Victory, victory, victory to thee. |
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